bussmann熔斷器
熔斷器的熔斷過程大致分為(wei)4個(ge)階段：
（1）熔斷器(qi)的熔體因(yin)通過過載電(dian)流(liu)或短(duan)路電(dian)流(liu)而發(fa)熱，其溫(wen)度上升到熔體材料的熔點，但(dan)仍處于(yu)固態，尚未開始熔化。
（2）熔體(ti)的部分(fen)金屬(shu)開(kai)始(shi)由固(gu)態(tai)向液態(tai)轉化，這時由于熔體(ti)熔化要吸收一部分(fen)熱量，故熔體(ti)溫度始(shi)終保(bao)護為熔點。
（3）已熔(rong)(rong)化(hua)的(de)金(jin)屬(shu)繼續(xu)(xu)(xu)被(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)加熱，直(zhi)到(dao)其(qi)溫(wen)度(du)上(shang)(shang)升到(dao)氣(qi)化(hua)點為止，此(ci)即(ji)第二次加熱階段(duan)。 （4） 熔(rong)(rong)體斷裂，出現間隙，并因間隙被(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)擊(ji)穿而產(chan)生電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)弧(hu)(hu)(hu)，直(zhi)至(zhi)該電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)弧(hu)(hu)(hu)被(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)熄滅(mie)。 上(shang)(shang)述四(si)個(ge)階段(duan)實際(ji)上(shang)(shang)是(shi)兩個(ge)連續(xu)(xu)(xu)的(de)過(guo)程(cheng)(cheng)：未產(chan)生電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)弧(hu)(hu)(hu)之(zhi)前的(de)弧(hu)(hu)(hu)前過(guo)程(cheng)(cheng)（它包括前述第一至(zhi)第三(san)共三(san)個(ge)階段(duan)）；已產(chan)生電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)弧(hu)(hu)(hu)之(zhi)后(hou)的(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)弧(hu)(hu)(hu)過(guo)程(cheng)(cheng)。 弧(hu)(hu)(hu)前過(guo)程(cheng)(cheng)的(de)主(zhu)要(yao)特征(zheng)是(shi)熔(rong)(rong)體的(de)發熱與熔(rong)(rong)化(hua)，換言(yan)之(zhi)，即(ji)熔(rong)(rong)斷器(qi)在(zai)(zai)(zai)此(ci)過(guo)程(cheng)(cheng)中的(de)功能在(zai)(zai)(zai)于(yu)對(dui)故障作(zuo)出反應。顯(xian)然，過(guo)載電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)(liu)相對(dui)額定(ding)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)(liu)的(de)倍數越大，溫(wen)度(du)上(shang)(shang)升就越快，弧(hu)(hu)(hu)前過(guo)程(cheng)(cheng)也越短；反之(zhi)，過(guo)載電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)(liu)倍數越小，弧(hu)(hu)(hu)前過(guo)程(cheng)(cheng)就越長。 電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)弧(hu)(hu)(hu)過(guo)程(cheng)(cheng)的(de)主(zhu)要(yao)特征(zheng)是(shi)含有(you)大量金(jin)屬(shu)蒸(zheng)汽(qi)的(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)弧(hu)(hu)(hu)在(zai)(zai)(zai)間隙內蔓延、燃積，并在(zai)(zai)(zai)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)動(dong)力作(zuo)用于(yu)下介質中運動(dong)，為介質所(suo)冷(leng)卻，最(zui)后(hou)因弧(hu)(hu)(hu)隙增大以(yi)及電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)弧(hu)(hu)(hu)能量被(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)吸收而無法(fa)持(chi)續(xu)(xu)(xu)燃熾，終于(yu)熄滅(mie)。這個(ge)過(guo)程(cheng)(cheng)的(de)持(chi)續(xu)(xu)(xu)時間決(jue)定(ding)于(yu)熔(rong)(rong)斷器(qi)的(de)有(you)效(xiao)熄弧(hu)(hu)(hu)能力。
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